尊敬的查卡泰主席、康斯坦秘书长、各位来宾、女士们、先生们:
大家早上好!
非常高兴出席FCI第44届年会开幕式。中国有句古语:"相知无远近,万里可为邻",在座的各位代表、来宾来自全球四十多个国家,虽然与中国距离遥远,但都因为保理业务而欢聚在北京,共商合作、共谋发展。我谨代表中国银行业监督管理委员会向大家的到来表示热烈欢迎!
作为全球最大的保理业务国际组织,FCI自创办以来,在加强国际同业交流、促进全球保理业务发展方面发挥了重要的作用。本次年会,是FCI各会员单位巩固和深化合作关系的友谊之桥,也是促进交流、共谋发展的机会之窗。我相信,在全球同行的共同努力下,保理业务一定会对实体经济的发展,对全球经济的复苏,做出更大的贡献!
近年来,随着实体经济、国际国内贸易的发展,保理业务在我国保持高速发展态势。自2008年起,我国的出口双保理业务量连续4年位居全球首位。2011年,中国银行业的国际和国内保理业务量折合人民币2.24万亿元,约合3560亿美元,创历史新高。我国保理业务量大幅增长,保理服务产物逐渐丰富,目标客户日趋广泛,由银行保理商提供的保理服务占据中国保理市场的重要份额,同时越来越多的商业保理公司正在快速进入保理业务市场。截至2011年底,全国银行保理商约30家,注册的商业保理机构25家,均在各自专长的领域占领市场。保理业务在国内外贸易发展中发挥着越来越重要的作用,同时,为中小公司融资起到了较大地助推作用。
在可预见的未来,保理业务在中国将面临巨大的发展机遇,有望实现新的飞跃。首先,中国政府及社会各界高度重视中小公司融资问题,中国银监会也将大力推进并积极引导银行业金融机构加强对中小公司的金融支持。保理业务是一项以债权人转让其应收账款为前提,集融资、应收账款催收、管理及坏账担保于一体的综合性金融服务,是一项非常契合中小公司需求的业务。目前我国中小公司一方面面临融资难的矛盾,另一方面又拥有大量的应收账款。中小公司在申请银行贷款过程中,往往由于无法提供有效的抵质押品而被银行拒之门外。保理融资体现的是中小客户手中应收账款的价值,特别是当中小公司的下游买家是一些在银行有充足授信额度的核心公司时,中小公司凭借着与实力强大的核心公司的上下游关系,可以有效增强公司的银行信用。与此同时,银行叙做保理融资所承担的风险已转化为中小客户交易对手的信用风险,也可以确保银行风险的有效转嫁,并最终帮助中小公司将应收账款转变为现金收入,从而获得业务发展所需资金,实现银企双赢。这正是保理业务的发展机会。
另一个发展机遇来自"贷款新规"。为确保信贷资金真正进入实体经济,防止信贷资金的空转和挪用。2010年2月,银监会颁布了《流动资金贷款管理暂行办法》、《个人贷款管理暂行办法》、《固定资产贷款管理暂行办法》和《项目融资业务指引》,简称"三个办法一个指引",它初步构建和完善了中国银行业金融机构的贷款业务法规框架。其中规定应通过"受托支付"的方式,"将贷款通过借款人账户支付给符合合同约定用途的借款人交易对象",就是要付给借款人的上游卖家。相信在座的各位保理专家对这一模式都十分熟悉,因为这与保理业务中应收账款融资支付给卖家的理念基本一致。在市场中我们也看到,很多流贷需求已经转化为从应收账款入手的保理融资。流动资金贷款受托支付的相关规定对中国的保理业务来说是一个巨大的发展机遇。
中国保理业务的最大机遇还在于国民经济和国际贸易的持续发展。近年来,中国对外贸易规模持续增长,2011年我国进出口总值达3.64万亿美元,同比增长22.5%,其中,出口1.9万亿美元,增长20.3%;进口1.74万亿美元,增长24.9%。中国的出口总额在世界排名第一,进口总额在世界排名第二。不断拓展的市场空间必将吸引更多的同业进入这一业务领域,更多的银行参与及商业保理公司的加入显示出中国保理市场的巨大潜力。
为此,积极推进我国保理业务发展。一要有利于控制公司坏账风险。根据保理业务特点,改变以往对保理业务客户的风险准入按照传统信贷业务标准掌握的做法,建立更能体现保理业务风险特质的风险控制体系、适合保理业务研发的产物体系及推进保理客户拓展的营销体系,以期获得更大的发展空间。二要探索开展保理业务新模式。根据客户需求的多样性,积极创新、丰富保理业务产物,提升保理产物的品牌和公司对保理业务的认知度,进而促进保理业务的推广与运用。三要规范保理市场秩序。鼓励银行与商业保理公司共同发展,促进市场主体多元化。从丰富保理市场、更多服务客户需求的角度考虑,促进银行和商业保理公司合作,充分发挥各自优势。银行可以充分利用融资便利的优势,对实体经济发展提供融资支持。商业保理公司可以更加深入服务于中小公司,使保理业务的综合金融服务更好地渗透到贸易经济发展的最小单元和毛细血管。四要提高专业管理的水平。重视对保理从业人员的培训,从有关保理的公约、法规、行业贸易、公司财务、法律等诸多方面的专业培训入手,积极培养训练有素的综合型人才,从而提升我国保理业务的整体水平,增强防范保理业务的经营风险,更好地服务客户。五要加强行业自律,增强同业交流与合作。中国银行业协会成立以来,在专业委员会建设和行业引导方面做了大量卓有成效的工作。2009年,中国银行业协会成立了"保理专业委员会",目前有23家会员单位,委员会立足于推动中国银行业保理业务规范、健康和持续发展,维护保理业务公平有序的市场环境。今后,我们希望中国银行业协会继续充分发挥行业组织的平台作用,在制定标准规范、业务研究、推动同业合作等方面扎实开展工作,与监管部门、会员银行共同构建审慎监管、行业自律、市场约束三位一体的制度框架,为中国保理市场健康有序发展,发挥积极的作用。
最后,预祝大会圆满成功!
谢谢大家!
Promote China's Factoring Business to Better Support the Real Economy
Speech by Yan Qingmin, Assistant Chairman of CBRC
at the 44th FCI Annual Meeting on June 4th, 2012
President Cagatay Baydar, Secretary Jeroen Kohnstamm, distinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen,
Good morning!
It is my pleasure to attend the opening ceremony of the 44th FCI Annual Meeting. As an ancient Chinese saying goes, "friendship knows no distance, a thousand miles is but a heartbeat away." We are honored to have guests from more than 40 countries gathering in Beijing for the purpose of fostering the development of factoring business and seeking international cooperation. On behalf of China Banking Regulatory Commission, I would like to extend the warmest welcome to all of you.
As the biggest international organization for factoring business around the world, since the very first day of its foundation, the FCI has been playing a very important role in enhancing international communication and fostering the development of global factoring business. This year's annual meeting will build a bridge among all member institutions for closer cooperation and friendship, as well as for communication and development opportunities. I believe, with the efforts of the whole industry, the factoring business will contribute more to the development of real economy and the recovery of global economy.
In recent years, along with the development of the real economy as well as the international and domestic trade, the factoring business has been maintaining a rapid growth trend. Since 2008, the volume of China's Two-Factor Export Factoring business has ranked No. 1 for 4 consecutive years. And in 2011, the transaction amount of domestic & overseas factoring business of China's banking industry has historically reached 2.24 trillion RMB (about 356 billion USD). China's factoring business has been increasing dramatically with the enrichment of products and more diversified customers. The factoring service provided by bank factors take a great part in China's factoring market, while in the mean time, more and more commercial factoring companies are beginning to enter into this market. By the end of 2011, there are approximately 30 bank factors and 25 registered commercial factoring organizations in China. They cater into different market segments according to their specialty. Factoring business has becoming more and more important in international and domestic trade, and meanwhile, a great help for SME financing.
In the near future, factoring business will face huge development opportunities, and might grow by leaps. Firstly, both the Chinese government and the social community attach high importance to the SME financing. The CBRC will proactively promote and guide banking financial institutions in providing financial service to SMEs. Factoring business is a comprehensive financial service whereby a creditor assigns its account receivables. It combines the services of financing, collection of account receivables, management and the full protection against bad loans. Factoring is a business that can meet the demands for SMEs. Currently, SMEs in China are facing funding shortage, however, on the other hand, SMEs have a great amount of account receivables. During the process of loan application, the SMEs usually get refused by banks since they cannot provide valid collaterals or pledges. Factoring reflects the value of the account receivables held by small and medium sized customers. And when the downstream buyers of SMEs are the core corporations with adequate credit lines from banks, the SMEs can realize credit enhancement effectively by relying on the upstream-downstream relationship with those powerful core corporations. And meanwhile, the credit risk of SMEs that the bank bears turns into the risk to those counterparties of SMEs in the process of factoring, in addition, banks can effectively transfer the risks and help SMEs turn their account receivables into cash income, which provides necessary funds for SMEs development and makes a win-win situation for both banks and enterprises. This is exactly an opportunity for factoring business development.
Another opportunity arrives from the new rules for loan disbursement. To ensure the credit funds flowing into real economy and to avoid embezzlement, in February 2010, CBRC issued the Provisional Rules on the Management of Fixed Assets Loans, the Provisional Rules on the Management of Working Capital Loans, the Provisional Rules on the Management of Retail Loans and the Guidelines on Project Financing. The new rules preliminarily established and improved the legal framework of banks' loan business. The new rules signify a change in the traditional practice of disbursing the credit funds into the banking account of borrowers upon the credit approval. However, lenders are expected to hold the payment of funds until receiving the application from borrowers for using the loans. I believe that as factoring experts, you must be very familiar with this mode, which is nearly the same with the concept of the account receivables' payment to the seller in factoring business. We can see that in the market, the needs for working capital loans have turned into the needs for factoring, which involves account receivables. The relevant rules about the entrusted payment of working capital loans offered a huge opportunity for China's factoring business growth.
The biggest opportunity for China's factoring business lies in the continuous development of domestic economy and international trade. Over recent years, the scale of China's foreign trade has been increasing. In 2011, the total volume for China's import and export registered 3.64 trillion USD, marking a year-on-year growth of 22.5%. Among that, the export volume was 1.9 trillion USD, and the import volume was 1.74 trillion USD, 20.3% and 24.9% higher than last year respectively. China's total export volume ranked top in the world, while the total import volume ranked second. With the expansion of market, more and more players will join in this sector, which shows the great potential of China's factoring market.
To further promote the growth of factoring business in China, efforts should be made in the following areas. Firstly, banks should optimize risk management framework of factoring business to prevent bad loans. Based on the characteristics of factoring business, we have to establish a risk control system aligned to its risk features, nurture product research and development system, and improve marketing approaches for business expansion. Secondly, new business models for factoring should be explored. Taking into consideration of the diversity of customers' demands, we should innovate and enrich factoring products, improve public recognition of factoring products and business as a whole, and consequently promote the development of factoring business. Thirdly, market discipline should be enhanced. We should encourage the development of both banks and commercial factoring companies to diversify the market participants. Building upon their respective advantages, cooperation between banks and commercial companies should be facilitated. Specifically, banks can better support the real economy by utilizing financing strength, while commercial factoring companies could provide with integrated services to SMEs, which are the fundamental units of trade and economy. Fourthly, professional management should be further strengthened. Close attention should be paid to professional trainings on the aspects of factoring treaties, rules, trade, corporate finance, laws and etc, to cultivate professional talents, improve the overall performance of factoring business, enhance the management and control of the industry's operational risks, and provide better services for the customers. Fifthly, self-discipline should be reinforced, and communication and cooperation should be enhanced within the industry. Since the founding of China Banking Association, it has made great achievements in establishing professional committees and issuing codes of conduct. In 2009, China Banking Association set up the Factor Association of China (FAC), with 23 members so far. The committee strives to promote standardized, healthy and sustainable development for the factoring industry, and to maintain a fair and well-organized market order. We hope that, in the future, China Banking Association will continue to work on the formulation of industry standards, business researches and industry cooperation, and, with guidance from the supervisor and support from its member banks, establish an integrated framework of prudential supervision, industry self-regulation and market discipline, and last but not least, maintain a healthy and orderly growth of China's factoring market.
And finally, I wish the meeting a great success!
Thank you!
