天美九一厂制作

Seize the opportunities and cope with challenges to promote the stable development of China factoring industry

 Speech on the “China Night” of 49th FCI Annual Meeting

Pan Guangwei, CEO of CBA

14 June, 2017

Distinguished Chairman Baydar, Secretary-General Peter Mulroy, Friends from Chinese and International factoring industry, ladies and gentlemen,

    Good evening!

    It is my great pleasure to host the “China Night”. Today, we meet in the beautiful "garden city" Lima to have a China night, to discuss the important issues of the industry, and also to watch the signing of a Letter of Intent between CBA and FCI for stronger cooperation. On behalf of China Banking Association, I’d like to express my warmest welcome to all our distinguished guests present today, and my sincere gratitude to the Bank of China and Shanghai Pudong Development Bank for sponsoring this activity.

    CBA was set up in May 2000 as a nationwide self-regulation organization of China’s banking industry. CBA serves for the common interests of its members through the functions of self-regulation, rights protection, coordination and service so as to safeguard lawful rights and maintain market order of the banking sector, enhance the overall capability of banking employees and promote the healthy and sustainable development of the industry. So far we have 620 members and 35 observers, and have set up 31 special working committees. The Factoring Working Committee is one of them. It was set up on March 10th in 2009. Over the past years, with the joint efforts of all its members, the Factoring Working Committee has made many contributions in terms of industrial research, business analysis and personnel education.

    Although starting late, China’s factoring industry has been developed stably. It was started in 1980s and with over 10 years of market exploration, stepped into high growth path in 2000. Since 2011, China's factoring business volume has ranked first in the world for four years in a row and kept growing fast. Over the past ten years, the factoring business in China has realized 3 major changes, the first is to shift from doing international factoring business to doing both domestic and global businesses; the second is to shift from seller factoring to buyer factoring businesses; the third is to shift from the international rule follower to the participants in international rule-setting. 

    In 2014, China’s economy entered a new phase called “the New Normal”. The economy slowed down from the previous high-speed growth to the medium-high speed growth. The growth factoring business in China has declined as well. By the end of December 2016, the business volume of our factoring committee members stood at RMB 1.72 trillion, down by 41%.

    However, we should see that factoring still has many opportunities for growth.

    First, as a counter-cyclical integrated credit instrument, factoring has its unique advantage. The macro economy may be slowing down for the time being but it also brings opportunities to the factoring businesses. As you all know, factoring is essentially a financial service provided by the factors around the accounts receivable. Normally the enterprises are not required to provide additional guarantee or mortgage. This can effectively reduce the pressure caused by the high receivables and help the enterprises to avoid the credit risk of the debtor.

    Let me tell you a story. When I was working as the Bureau Director of CBRC Shaanxi branch, there was a small machining company. It did not have necessary collateral and could not make the mortgage lending through the banks; but they needed the money to keep the operations going so they went to a small loan company to borrow money at the rate of 33%. The financial pressure was huge. The boss of that machining company told me that basically every year they lost the profit of the last quarter to pay for the interests. Then, after investigation, we found that this company was actually a supplier of the products related to the high-speed rail trains. And it had stable orders from Siemens, and could have used the account receivable from the Siemens to get factoring from the banks. So we helped communicating with a local bank and successfully matched the two sides together. The interest rate given by the bank was 6%. This is a very good example of how factoring business serves the real economy.

    Second, we should see the potential of China’s factoring industry compared to other countries. According to the World Bank statistics, the ratio of global factoring business volume to GDP is about 2.9%, in some countries where the factoring business started earlier the ratio is higher than 6%, while in UK, Italy and other countries where it is well developed the ratio could be up to 15%. According to data from CBA and the National Bureau of Statistics, in 2016, China's factoring business volume accounted for 2.3% of GDP. Although compared with 0.78% in 2006 it has been greatly improved, there is still large room for growth and the potential of China's factoring business remains to be further explored.

    So here comes the question. How can we seize these opportunities and stimulate our potential against this situation? I’d like to share with you some of my views.

    Firstly, we need to pay more attention to the compliance. Currently, the international regulation becomes stricter. The western regulators have fined billions of dollars on the banks. So we need to keep in mind that compliance is the bottom line and crossing the line means risk.

    In this regard, the Factoring Committee of CBA has completed the revision of the "Factoring business norms for China's banking industry" to further regulate the banking factoring business and maintain a healthy market environment.

    Secondly, we need to integrate factoring with supply chain financing, and promote product innovation. Supply chain financing and factoring business have essentially the same concept. They are both financing based on the corporate accounts receivable. And the purpose is to help meet the short-term capital needs for the real economy and the SMEs. Therefore, we should exert the synergies between the two, integrate one with each other and put forward more innovative products.

    Thirdly, with the help of the Fintech development, we should further innovate in the factoring business model. The increasing integration of the mobile Internet, cloud computing, big data with the finance industry has greatly encouraged the development of block chain. The banks should increase their capacity to integrate their financial services with the internet information, by stepping up their collection, analysis and application of the big data, doing more research into the industry development trend and providing important technical support for upgrading the factoring industry.

    Fourthly, we should strengthen the communications and cooperation between China and the International factoring industry to achieve a win-win cooperation. At present, China has become the world's largest trading nation, with the second largest outward direct investment. The “Belt and Road” Initiative will all bring new opportunities for China's banking industry and will lead China’s factoring business to a broader space for development.

    It is therefore important for us to enhance our cooperation with the FCI in the fields of business research, talent training, and information sharing and so on. Tonight is a beautiful night, with so many friends from this industry here, China Banking Association will sign the Letter of Intent with FCI, which marks a great breakthrough in the mutual cooperation and is also a benchmark for China’s factoring industry integrated with the international factoring industry. In the future, we’ll continue to strengthen the interaction with the international factoring industry to learn from each other.

    I wish you all a good health and a bigger success in the future. Ladies and gentlemen, enjoy the night! 

    Thank you!

抓住机遇 沉着应对 推进中国保理业务稳健发展

——潘光伟专职副天美九一厂制作在2017年第49届国际保理商联合会年会“中国之夜”的致辞

尊敬的叠补测诲补谤主席、皮特秘书长，各位来宾、女士们、先生们：

    大家晚上好！

    非常高兴参加2017年第49届国际保理商联合会年会--“中国之夜”活动。今天，我们相聚在美丽的“花园城市”利马，借“中国之夜”此次盛会的契机，共同探讨行业热点问题。在此，我谨代表中国银行业协会感谢各位来宾在百忙之中的莅临！同时，对本次活动提供支持与帮助的中国银行、上海浦东发展银行表示最诚挚的感谢！

    中国银行业协会成立于2000年5月，是中国银行业自律组织。中银协以促进会员单位实现共同利益为宗旨，履行自律、维权、协调、服务职能，维护银行业合法权益，维护银行业市场秩序，提高银行业从业人员素质，提高为天美九一厂制作的水平，促进银行业的健康发展。截至2017年4月，中国银行业协会共有620家会员单位、35家观察员单位，31个专业委员会。作为31家专业委员会之一的保理业务专业委员会，成立于2009年3月10日。多年来，保理专业委员会在行业发展研究，业务问题分析，人才教育培养方面做了许多卓有成效的工作，得到了社会各界的广泛认可。

    我国保理业务虽起步晚，但发展稳健。我国保理业务起步于上世纪八十年代中期，经历十多年的市场摸索，在2000年进入高速发展阶段。自2011年起,我国保理业务量连续4年位居全球首位,并继续保持着强劲的增长势头。近十余年来，我国保理业务实现了“三个转变”，一是从国际保理业务到国际与国内并步保理业务发展的转变；二是从卖方保理业务逐步实现我国公司“走出去”到买方保理业务的转变；三是从国际规则的遵循者到影响国际规则制定的直接参与者的转变。

    2014年以来，随着我国经济进入新常态，宏观经济放缓，由过去的高速增长转变为中高速增长，且行业基数已发展到一定规模，我国保理业务增长自2015年开始有所下滑。根据中国银行业协会、国家统计局数据测算，截止2016年12月底,保理委员会成员单位保理业务量折合人民币1.72万亿元，同比下降40.9%，其中，国际保理业务量694.24亿美元,同比下降43.11%，国内保理业务量1.23万亿元人民币，同比下降39.98%。

    尽管我国经济发展进入了新常态, 但对于逆周期的综合信用服务的保理行业来说，仍然有诸多发展机遇和增长潜力。

    一是逆境中见机遇。据中国国家统计局2016年应收账款数据显示，在规模以上的工业公司应收账款达到12.6万亿元，比上年增长9.6%，中国公司应收账款的增长为全球保理业务的发展提供了良好的发展空间。保理业务是保理商围绕应收账款开展的金融服务，一般不要求公司提供额外的担保或抵押，这可以有效缓解公司因应收账款高企造成的压力，助力公司规避债务人信用风险。

    以陕西某一小型机械加工公司为例，在生产经营过程中，规模小，缺少必要的抵押物，无法办理抵押贷款业务；但为满足生产经营所需资金，以民间借贷方式融资，资金成本较高，财务压力较大。通过实地调研，我们发现，该公司为高铁建设相关产物供应商，有稳定的外资公司产物订单，相关条件满足应收账款保理业务，经与当地某银行金融机构沟通，撮合双方谈妥了保理融资业务，大大降低了该公司的融资成本，解决了融资难的问题。这就是保理业务服务实体经济很好的实例。宏观经济的增长后劲不足，却为保理业务逆境中的发展带来机遇。

    二是比较中现潜力。据世界银行统计报告，保理业务量与GDP之比全球约为2.93％，保理业务发展较早的国家和地区中这个比例在6%以上，而英国、意大利、中国台湾等保理业务发达的国家和地区中该比例可达15%。根据中国银行业协会、国家统计局数据测算，2016年我国保理业务量占GDP的比例为2.3%，虽然与2006年的0.78%相比已有较大提升，但与世界发达水平相比仍有较大的增长空间，我国保理业务发展的潜力仍然有待进一步发掘。

    如何抓住机遇、深挖潜力，促进保理行业的创新发展，新形势新任务提出了新要求。在这里，我讲几点意见。

    一是牢固树立“红线意识”和底线思维，依法合规经营，严格把控风险。随着国际监管的趋严、国内监管也进一步加强。依法合规就是远离红线，严控风险就是坚守底线，越线就是风险。对此，中银协保理委员会也完成修订《中国银行业保理业务规范》，进一步规范银行业保理业务的开展和实施，共同维护健康良好的市场环境。这就更加要求我们要依法合规经营。

    二是发挥保理与供应链融资的协同效应，促进产物融合创新。供应链融资和保理业务的实质是基于公司应收账款进行融资，二者的理念是一致的, 其宗旨是解决实体经济及中小公司在供产销环节中的短期资金需求。因此，要发挥二者的协同效应，加强保理与供应链融资融合产物的创新，优化供应链融资方案，着力建设协调、共享的供应链金融生态。

    三是借力金融科技发展，创新保理业务发展模式。当前，互联网、金融行业的跨界发展正经历着深刻的变革，这就需要我们发挥银行优势，依托云计算、大数据、区块链、人工智能等核心金融科技的发展，加强对大数据的采集和分析，深化行业发展趋势研究，为推动保理行业的转型升级提供重要的技术支撑。

    四是加强国际互动交流，引进国际先进管理理念，拓宽国际保理业务领域，提高国际竞争力。

    目前，我国已经成为全球第一大贸易国、第二大对外直接投资大国，受益于改革开放继续深化、全球经济多极化和专业分工以及多层次跨区域合作, 中国在国际舞台中将发挥更大的作用。“十三五”期间，是中国进入经济社会双重转型升级的关键时期。中国将更紧密地融入全球产业链分工，与其他国家建立更加广泛和深入的经贸联系。“一带一路”的提出和实施将为中国银行业带来的新商机，也将中国保理业引向更广阔的发展空间。在未来的日子里，我们要继续加强与国际保理行业的互动交流，引进国际行业领先的经营理念和管理办法以及创新技术，优化产物经营模式，开展从业人员培训工作，培养专项人才。我们要进一步加强与国际保理商联合会的合作，期望双方在业务研讨，人员培训、信息共享等诸多方面进行务实合作。经过我们双方的不断努力，今天在这美好的夜晚，在各位同业先锋的共同见证下，中国银行业协会将与FCI签署合作框架协议，该协议标志着协会与FCI合作有了突破性进展，是中国保理行业与世界保理行业接轨的里程碑。

    最后，预祝今天的晚会圆满成功！谢谢大家！